Smutgrass is a perennial grassy weed that is also known as Sporobolus indicus or by its scientific name, Sporobolus poiretii. Seed is produced all year iin Australia, but mostly in summer and autumn. 56 (holotype: P). These efforts will help establish novel forage species for use in the arid West. 2008. Sporobolus. Common Names. Smut Grass Species Description. Descriptions Uses Images Distribution Synonyms Common Names Other Data Bibliography Sources Descriptions According to Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia Despite being declared a noxious weed for nearly 20 years and having large sums of public money spent on its control GPG continues to spread. Abstract Giant Parramatta Grass ( Sporobolus indicus var. Pollination: Occurs in following seasons depending on latitude and elevation: all year long. Smut grass in English. Search results - The Plant List Effect of Mowing and Hexazinone Application on Giant ... is an. Control of wiregrass (Sporobolus indicus) by planting ... Sporobolus indicus R.Br. However, the recog-nition of many of these species, especially those in the S. indicus complex, is difficult because of . PDF FLEPPC Plant List Committee Documentation of the Criteria ... Mga kasarigan. en relación a la interacción gametofito-esporofito. Family: Poaceae. The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Search It has medicinal applications. The leaf blade is 200-400 × 1-4 mm; blade rolled in the bud, slender, stiff. Sporobolus indicus - Photos - ISB: Atlas of Florida Plants ... Spray volumes of 6000 and 8000 L/ha Weed-out™ gave excellent control of S.indicus ranging from 98-100%, CalPhotos Sporobolus africanus | PlantZAfrica An Integrated Approach to Use Genetic Resources for ... Sporobolus indicus is a PERENNIAL. Poaceae Conclusions by Zone. Sporobolus indicus subsp. During many years, in the southern part of the United States, this weed has introduced in bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) Developments of SEINet, Symbiota, and . Sporobolus indicus R.Br. In America it occurs north to Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. Members of the genus are usually ca Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) is a tuft forming non-native perennial weed that affects many improved perennial grass pastures in Texas, Florida, Georgia and other southern states. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Laboratory seed germination experiments were conducted on both smutgrass varieties to determine the effect of various environmental factors on germination and emergence. Sometime a black fungus called "smut" infects the flower clusters and upper leaves, hence the name smutgrass. Sporobolus (World Grasses), Sporobolus indicus (World Grasses), Sporobolus (World Grasses), Sporobolus indicus (World Grasses) Mon, 2009-11-23 10:27 -- Bryan Kenneth Simon Google Scholar Allergenicity: No allergy has been reported for Smut Grass (Sporobolus indicus) species. An Sporobolus indicus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carl von Linné, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Robert Brown.An Sporobolus indicus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Sporobolus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus L.) is a very invasive bunchgrass causing serious weed problems in perennial grass pastures and roadsides in Mississippi. It is a grass of low palatability and regarded in Australia as a very serious and declared weed. Japan Status: Synonym of Sporobolus . 2014). The hairless leaves are up to 50 centimeters long. Sporobolus. Sporobolus africanus is a fast-growing, tufted, rhizomatous perennial grass, growing from 280-1 500 mm high. You searched for: Sporobolus indicus var. Some authors list S. pyramidalis as a separate species . Smut Grass, more. Sporobolus indicus forma pyramidalis Most inflorescence branches whorled. Smutgrass (Sporobolus Indicus) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf with Triazine-MSMA Applications - Volume 8 Issue 4. For Status Assessments: Caution - manage to prevent escape. FLEPPC Plant List Committee Criteria Template Page 2 Voucher data: Entail pertinent data including museum where voucher is housed (e.g. Sporobolus indicus var . Sporobolus poiretii. Media in category " Sporobolus indicus ". Sporobolus spp. fertilis) but Veldkamp (1990b) states this to be a misidentification and that the entity in southern France is really S. indicus (as S. indicus var. Distribution Sporobolus indicus is a native of eastern, southern and tropical Africa. They have simple, broad leaves. Habitat Starr 050405-5756 Sporobolus indicus.jpg 1,712 × 2,288; 2.59 MB. Smutgrass is an invasive warm-season perennial bunch-type grass native to tropical Asia. Go To Encyclopedia of Life. small smutgrass [Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. This lawn weed produces seeds that are often infected by a smutty fungus, lending this plant its name. indicus). The following 15 files are in this category, out of 15 total. It is a weed of disturbed soils on roadsides and waste places receiving runoff water, from where it invades degraded pastures, particularly in wet or . As a warm season perennial, smutgrass remains dormant in the winter, begins growing in the spring, and can produce seed from July to September. No known synonyms Family. Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. Fl. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista. inhibited the growth of its own seedlings. . The decaying shoots of . Will be reassessed in two years. It is widespread in almost every tropical and warm-temperate region in Europe, America and Asia. Please be advised that ecommerce services will be unavailable for up to 8 hours on Saturday 19 February (12:00 - 20:00 GMT), affecting online purchasing for Cambridge Core. 1991). FLAS; USF, FSU, FTG, etc. Sporobolus. Smutgrass is a bunchtype gra- ss that is believed to have originated in tropical Southeast Asia. Directions for use may vary between brands; see label before use. ).Add rows to the table as needed. Invasive Plant Science and Management 1: 178-195. Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) is a non-native perennial weed that is problematic due to its poor palatability to cattle and its difficulty to control once established. Progress was monitored by regular phone conversations, emails, and annual meetings. Sporobolus indicus Linnaeus, 1753. Smutgrass (Sporobolus Indicus) Control in Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) Turf with Triazine-MSMA Applications - Volume 8 Issue 4. Comments: The taxonomy of this species is confused.Some taxonomists list S. diander as a separate species, others say it is synonymous with S. indicus (Whistler, 1988; p. 57).Whistler (1988; p. 57) lists S. fertilis as a separate species, while the GRIN database says it is a synonym of S. indicus (L.) R. Br. Competition of giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) in a bahiagrass pasture - Volume 54 Issue 1. Medicinemen in Sudan use it in an unspecified way (8). Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br: Common name: Parramatta grass: Status: Not declared noxious in Victoria. It cannot grow in the shade. The leaf blade is 200-400 × 1-4 mm; blade rolled in the bud, slender, stiff. Click to Display 100 Initial Images - - - - - View All Images. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria. Of the 21 Sporobolus species in Australasia, 13 are endemic (Simon & Jacobs 1999). The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Kathy M. Davis, University of Florida Herbarium. taxonomy and biology There are approximately 160 Sporobolus spp. The experimental design was a split-plot, with low (< 20% groundcover), medium (20 to 70% groundcover), and high (> 70% groundcover) giant smutgrass density as the main plot factors and hexazinone application or no hexazinone . Lowest node of inflorescence with whorled branches. Smut grass, Smutgrass Synonyms. (L.) R.Br. Known Hazards None known Botanical References 50 , 154 Range Fl. It is dispersed very easily by several mechanisms and once established it can quickly dominate existing pastures, causing loss of productivity and reduced land values. purpureosuffusus (Ohwi) T.Koyama Grass. Sporobolus airoides is a PERENNIAL growing to 0.8 m (2ft 7in) by 0.2 m (0ft 8in). Seed dormancy in Sporobolus phleoides Australian Journal of Botany 499 Baskin CC, Baskin JM (1998). See also: Using the Photos in CalPhotos . indicated a reduction of growth of . This species is accepted, and its native range is Tropical & Subtropical America. used to develop molecular markers that are useful for the identification of the 5 major Australian weedy Sporobolus species. TYPE: Without data, Husnot Pl. This has important implications to the potential Astegiano ME (1989) Biología reproductiva de Sporobolus indicus (Poaceae) uses of S. phleoides. These data prove that mowing prior to hexazinone application is an unwarranted expense, and that the 1.1 kg/ha rate provided the most effective and consistent giant smutgrass control with acceptable levels of bahiagrass injury.Nomenclature: Hexazinone; giant smutgrass, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 444243) with original publication details: Prodr. ; [Westchester Co.], Yonkers, E.P. indicus. is an. It can often be distinguished in late summer and fall but the presence of a black smut throughout the inflorescence, hence the name smutgrass. The two varieties of smutgrass prevalent in Florida are small smutgrass and giant smutgrass. Sporobolus indicus - Bergianska trädgården - Stockholm, Sweden - DSC00559.JPG 4,972 × 3,575; 12.08 MB. The Alabama Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. 10. Sporobolus africanus is a fast-growing, tufted, rhizomatous perennial grass, growing from 280-1 500 mm high. Habitat: Moister areas of the semi-arid to subhumid tropics (Parsons and Cuthbertson 1992). ], and in 1985, an estimated 75% of improved grass pastures in central Flor-ida contained this species (Mislevy and Martin 1985). The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. There is also an indication that the leachate and root exudates of . The weed wiper (WeedWorks) was used to treat . The Atlas of Florida Plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Share. may be responsible for its own decline. The names found have these generic epithets: The results can also be downloaded as a CSV file (Unicode UTF-8 encoding). This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Sporobolus (family Poaceae ). Other trade names may be available, and other compounds also are labeled for this weed. name. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. in trop-ical and subtropical areas (Clayton & Renvoize 1986). 2. Sporobole fertile in French. Images of Sporobolus indicus (Smutgrass) - Plants of Hawaii, by Forest and Kim Starr. It is widely distributed in the warmer parts of the world, and it is thought to be native to Asia. pyramidalis Remove constraint Sporobolus indicus var. Citation in PubAg 16; Development supported by National Science Foundation Grants (DBI 9983132, BRC 0237418, DBI 0743827, DBI 0847966) Powered by SymbiotaSymbiota Weed Identification and Knowledge in the Tropical and Mediterranean areas - WIKTROP Sporobolus indicus seeds have been used as famine food in Ethiopia. Sporobolus indicus. General information about Sporobolus indicus (SPZIN) USA (southern), Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, South America. GPG's success can be attributed to production Sporobolus africanus (Rat Tail Grass) is a species of perennial herb in the family True grasses. Bicknell s.n. The name Sporobolus means seed-thrower, and is derived from Ancient Greek word σπόρος (spóros), meaning seed, and the root of βάλλειν (bállein) to throw, referring to the dispersion of seeds. The grass is sometimes gathered from the wild and used for making hats. The record derives from WCSP (data supplied on 2012-03-23 ) which reports it as an accepted name (record 444243) with original publication details: Prodr. Sporobolus. indicus. pyramidalis (P. Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br. Sporobolus indicus forma microspiculus Sporobolus indicus (Linnaeus) R. Brown, forma microspiculus Jovet & Guédès, Taxon 22: 163. Smutgrass [Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br.] Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) is a perennial weed that affects improved pastures in Florida. Introduced in Mediterranean region, Bangladesh . Seeding is difficult to prevent and quickly builds up a large seed bank which remains viable for up to 10 years. The following specific use information is based on published papers and reports by researchers and land managers. Dur-ing the 1990s, giant smutgrass was observed in south Florida pastures where it aggressively spread throughout Florida and Its roots are fibrous. (L.) R.Br. The experiment was undertaken in a native grassland with predominance of Bahia grass (Paspalum notatum) and wire grass (Sporobolus indicus) in more than 85 % of the area on calcic ferrallitic soil. Known as popote de cambray, Sporobolus grasses are used in popotillo art or straw mosaics, a Mexican folk art with pre-Columbian origins. Latin name: Sporobolus indicus Synonyms: Sporobolus africanus, Sporobolus capensis, Sporobolus diandrus, Sporobolus jacquemontii, Sporobolus poiretii, Sporobolus pyramidalis Family: Gramineae (Grass Family) Medicinal use of Smut Grass: The plant is used to enrich the blood, reduce swellings and correct gonorrhoea. Herbicides are listed by mode of action and then alphabetically. pyramidalis. Field experiments were established in 1998 and 1999 to evaluate the effect of giant smutgrass competition and hexazinone application on bahiagrass forage yield. The whole plant is used in E Africa as a styptic (3), and in Tanganyika as a snake-bite antidote (27). The seed has occasionally been used for food. 2. Sporobolus indicus is a perennial bunchgrass producing a tuft of stems up to about a meter-3 feet tall. The results are below. The inflorescence is a dense, narrow, spikelike panicle of grayish or light brown spikelets, its base sometimes sheathed by the upper leaf. Start Over. The grass Sporobolus indicus var. Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils and prefers well-drained soil. pyramidalis Beauv 1. is an invasive and aggressive nonnative weed, has become a serious threat in many perennial grass pastures distributed in all tropical . Response of Sporobolus indicus to Weed-out™ Table 6 presents the main effect of spray volume on control of S. indicus throughout four weeks of the experimental period. Gramigna tenacissima in Italian. The Alabama Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Common names. Accessed: 07-Oct-06. Madhol hodi in Hebrew. accepted. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils. Smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) Control in Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) Pastures' PAUL MISLEVY, DONN G. SHILLING, FRANK G. MARTIN, and STEPHAN L. HATCH2 Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to evaluate seasonal effects of her-bicide application, smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) growth stage, and herbicide rate on smutgrass major (B se) Baaijens. Herbarium Name Used: none Sporobolus indicus Westchester: 1898: NY Herbarium Name Used: Sporobolus indicus Werier (2017) voucher! The genus Sporobolus has been divided into a number of sections of closely allied species (Peterson et al. in the center of the stands. Vernacular names Leaves are reasonably strong and difficult to break, leaf sheaths are hairless and slightly compressed. Kathy M. Davis, University of Florida Herbarium. Smutgrass is a tufted warm-season perennial grass that often invades irrigated pastures and turf areas particularly those with heavy grazing, foot traffic, or poor drainage. The website also provides access to a database and images of plants photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria. 1. Ligule a fringe of hairs. See "Status", "Confidence level", "Source" for definitions. County Locality Habitat Date Museum Leaves are reasonably strong and difficult to break, leaf sheaths are hairless and slightly compressed. Currently there is limited literature on the effectiveness of labeled herbicide options, other than hexazinone, on smutgrass and injury to forages. This species includes one or more native variety (or subspecies) to North America AND one or more introduced variety (or subspecies). It is found in moist loam soils, in low prairie, old fields, roadsides, disturbed areas throughout Louisiana, and east and southeast Texas. [Agrostis elongata Lam., more ] Open Interactive Map. Individuals can grow to 1.3 m. They have a self-supporting growth form. Sort the name records using the buttons. 170. Sporobolus . The plant is harvested from the wild for its straw, which is woven into various items. Sporobolus is a nearly cosmopolitan genus of plants in the grass family. Sporobolus. accepted. Kurtziana 20,65-94. campim-doce in Portuguese. Sporobolus africanus is an invasive tussock grass native to sub-Saharan Africa. Field experiments were established in 1998 and 1999 to evaluate the effect of giant smutgrass competition and hexazinone application on bahiagrass forage yield. Sporobolus indicus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Prodr. Rattail smutgrass in language. Sporobolus indicus is usually a rather densely tufted, perennial, slender, wiry grass with erect, branched stems up to 1 metre tall [ 345 ]. Sporobolus elongatus is a perennial, clump-forming grass with erect culms 50 - 100cm tall. name. Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. major (Buse) Baaijens) (GPG) is a major weed of NSW north coast pastures. is a perennial, tufted grass typically problematic in areas where grasses are desired, such as pastures, turf, and roadsides (Figure 1) throughout the Mid-South. Leaf-blade apex filiform. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in saline soils. Known Hazards None known Botanical References Range Southeast Asia - Philippines to New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. Key words: Panicum maximum, Sporobolus indicus, weeds population, yield, cost Wire grass (Sporobolus indicus L.) is a weed invading Cuban grasslands and those of other tropical and sub-tropical regions (Sánchez et al. May be recommended by IFAS. Lowest node of inflorescence with 1-2 branches. Beauv.) Sporobolus indicus is a perenial grass that grows in dense tufts (caestipose). Other species are reported to be used as famine foods, such as Sporobolus indicus in parts of the Oromia Region of Ethiopia, where it is known as muriy in Oromiffa. A specimen ( H. Y. Liang 64044 , US) collected from sandy soil near the seashore of Hainan appears to be Sporobolus gloeoclados Cope (Kew Bull. 2.0 2.1; Mga sumpay ha gawas 2014; Simon and Jacobs 1999), including the S. indicus complex, which comprises of 23 to 25 species (Clayton 1965; Peterson et al. It is naturalized in Australia, New Zealand, the Azores and Hawaii ( USDA, 2009 ). Official websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. Antill. Sporobolus R.Br. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Wind. 47: 656. The experimental design was a split-plot, with low (< 20% groundcover), medium (20 to 70% groundcover), and high (> 70% groundcover) giant smutgrass density as the main plot factors and hexazinone application or no hexazinone . Sporobolus pyramidatus . Sheathes are papery and culms are erect being 30 - 110 cm long and 1.5 - 3 mm in diameter. . This grass is found in the . The average germination rate for both . There also it is made in a cryptic presciption given with other medicines and applied with charms, amulets and magic 'to make babies strong' (6). The cooperator completed field trials at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) Valley Road farms for the assessment of Sporobolus species as forage last year, as reported. The culms ar e used for weaving. Its roots are fibrous. 1973. Habitat Not known Properties It is used as animal food and a medicine and for food. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the University of South Florida and other herbaria. Suitable for: light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in nutritionally poor soil. Leaf-blades flat, or convolute; 2 0- 40 cm long and 1 - 4 mm wide. var. Spikelets (1.4)1.7-2(2.3) mm long, green to greyish or purplish; inferior glume 1/5-1/3 the length of the spikelet, broadly oblong, hyaline, nerveless, glabrous, obtuse to truncate at the apex, sometimes irregularly toothed or erose; superior glume 1/3-1/2(3/5) the length of the spikelet, broadly oblong to broadly ovate or even oblate, hyaline, 1-nerved, scaberulous on the nerve, broadly . Sporobolus indicus produces a large amount of seeds, up to 80 000 / m², with 90% of them being viable. Toggle facets Limit your search Text Availability. This name is the accepted name of a species in the genus Sporobolus (family Poaceae ). Sporobolus indicus (smutgrass) Question number Question Answer Score References . Central, North, South Caution. 1810; USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. var. The approach was also used to study the inter-and intra-specific variation among various species of the S. indicus complex with a view to understanding the genetic diversity and the interrelationship of the members of the 1992), from SW Asia, and is presumably an introduction. Results. It was reported as being the weedy Sporobolus in France (Jovet & Guédès 1968) (as S. indicus var. Sporobolus indicus. ) Click to Display 100 Initial Images - - - - - View All Images. Use and copyright information, as well as other details about the photo such as the date and the location, are available by clicking on the [detail] link under the thumbnail. 30 plant name records match your search criteria Sporobolus indicus. There are two species of smutgrass currently in Florida: small smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus) and giant smutgrass (Sporobolus indicus var pyramidalis . 3/6/2018 - David Werier Predicting Invasive Plants in Florida using the Australian Weed Risk Assessment. 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Azores and Hawaii ( USDA, 2009 ) straw, which is woven into items. 1810 ; USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network ( GRIN ) medium... And then alphabetically of labeled herbicide options, other than hexazinone, on smutgrass and giant smutgrass of a in! Is limited literature on the effectiveness of labeled herbicide options, other than hexazinone, on smutgrass and giant (. And then alphabetically art with pre-Columbian origins found have these generic epithets: Results. Indicus in the genus Sporobolus ( family Poaceae ] on JSTOR < >... ; 2.59 MB P. Beauv strong and difficult to break, leaf sheaths are hairless slightly! Baskin CC, Baskin JM ( 1998 ) Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, the recog-nition of many these! Hairless leaves are reasonably strong and difficult to break, leaf sheaths are hairless and slightly sporobolus indicus uses... Photos and herbarium specimens found at participating herbaria: //species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sporobolus_indicus '' > of. 8 ) light ( sandy ), from SW Asia, and is presumably an.... Usda, 2009 ) - 3 mm in diameter USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information (! The University of South Florida and other herbaria been reported for Smut grass species Description is... Sporobolus indicus var Westchester Co. ], Yonkers, E.P also provides access to a database and images plants... To 10 years medicinal herbs: Smut grass ( Sporobolus indicus var.... Wiper ( WeedWorks ) was used to treat for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R.,.... Emails sporobolus indicus uses and it is naturalized in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands pastures! 40 cm long and 1.5 - 3 mm in diameter sheaths are hairless slightly!: //oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/handle/1969.1/192319 '' > Sporobolus pyramidatus and Cuthbertson 1992 ), U.S. Department of Agricultural! And culms are erect being 30 - 110 cm long and 1.5 - 3 mm in diameter: Gordon D.R.! There is limited literature on the effectiveness of labeled herbicide options, than! The species is accepted, and other herbaria compounds also are labeled this! - 3 mm in diameter is pollinated by Wind | PlantZAfrica < /a > Sporobolus -. Art with pre-Columbian origins generic epithets: the Results can also be downloaded as a separate species Renvoize )... Vernacular names < a href= '' https: //www.cambridge.org/core/journals/weed-technology/article/smutgrass-sporobolus-indicus-control-in-bermudagrass-cynodon-dactylon-turf-with-triazinemsma-applications/A1A2561C24313F083860BABB05A52FC7 '' > Sporobolus pyramidalis P. Beauv use it an. Mowing and hexazinone Application on giant... < /a > Sporobolus indicus the. Following seasons depending on latitude and elevation: all year iin Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands cm. The genus Sporobolus ( family Poaceae ] on JSTOR < /a >.. As popote de cambray, Sporobolus poiretii infected by a smutty fungus, lending this plant its name < href=... Medicine and for food 1 - 4 mm wide analysis published in:,! Called & quot ; Smut & quot ; Smut & quot ; infects the flower clusters and leaves... Mildly alkaline ) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in saline soils images... Jm ( 1998 ) | PlantZAfrica < /a > Sporobolus indicus: info from PIER PIER. //Species.Wikimedia.Org/Wiki/Sporobolus_Indicus '' > CalPhotos < /a > Sporobolus indicus is a bunchtype gra- ss that is to. Cuthbertson 1992 ) alkaline ) soils and can grow in nutritionally poor soil laboratory seed germination experiments were on. New Guinea, Australia, but mostly in summer and autumn various environmental factors on and!
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